Backyard Miniature Goats

Photo by Collines Omondi on Pexels.com

Their small size and space requirements, cute and playful nature, and the possibility of fresh milk and cheese make keeping miniature goats appealing to many people. Much smaller than a regular goat, miniature goats (also known as dwarf or pygmy goats) average about 20 inches high, 70 pounds, and two can be kept in an outdoor pen as small as 20 feet by 20 feet.

Go to almost any petting zoo and you will find miniature goats with families thronging around them and young children feeding them.

Young girl feeding miniature goats in petting zoo.

Travel through suburbia, and every now and then you will see a pen behind a house with a pet miniature goat.

Girl pets miniature goat kid eating grass
Baby Nigerian dwarf goats climbing on girl's back makes her smile.

Visit an urban farm or homestead and there are likely to be miniature goats providing a family-sized source of healthy milk for the family and rich compost for the gardens.

Milking a goat on milking stand

Take a trendy yoga session and encounter miniature goats climbing on and around happy participants.

Miniature goat stands on lady laying down in grass

And you can’t go long on the internet without coming across a cute or hilarious miniature goat video.

Miniature goats enrich our lives.

But is keeping miniature goats in a backyard really a good option?

Yes, when:

Good laws are in place.

An increasing number of cities are adopting ordinances specific to the keeping of miniature goats in residential backyards in recognition of their smaller size and space requirements.

Care for Neighbors is in place.

Miniature goats can be kept in backyards with similar or less impact to neighbors than a dog next door.

Miniature Goat Care is in place.

A medium-sized backyard can be a good place for a pair of miniature goats when an owner can provide adequate shelter, fencing, access to hay, vet care, enrichment activities, and clean facilities.

Why would anyone want to keep miniature goats?

Aren’t goats big, stinky, noisy animals that eat everything?

Many of the stereotypes that originate from cantankerous, mature male goats don’t apply to miniature, female, or neutered male goats.

When thinking about miniature goats as backyard pets, it can be helpful to consider their similarities and differences to another popular household pet, the dog. Miniature goats, typically 50-80 pounds and less than two feet high, are about the size of a Golden Retriever. Both are intelligent animals, but miniature goats have the additional benefit of providing milk!

Here are more similarities and differences between dogs and miniature goats:

Like a dog…

  • They are fun and playful pets that sometimes chew on things.
  • They need a minimum amount of space for play and exercises of about 400 square feet (20’x20’).
  • Their barks or bleats, which are of a similar decibel level and vary from animal to animal, are commonly not an issue and can be moderated with proper care.
  • Neutering males is recommended when kept as pets.
  • A good fence is a must.
Miniature goat looks at camera

Unlike a dog…

  • Miniature goat droppings have very little odor.
  • Miniature goats must be kept in groups of two or more.
  • They are vegetarians (they eat hay, leaves, and grain).
  • They can produce milk and cheese.
  • Their bite is not dangerous. They probably won’t steal a steak off a grill, but they might eat a flower out of a flower bed.

Dog Care and Miniature Goat Care Comparison:

Miniature Goat
(Nigerian Dwarf, Pygmy)
Medium-large Dog
(Retriever, German Shepherd)

Height and weight:
17-22 inches
50-80 lbs

https://zooatlanta.org/animal/nigerian-dwarf-goat/ https://www.oregonzoo.org/discover/animals/pygmy-goat  

Height and weight:
22-24 inches
60-80 lbs

https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/german-shepherd-dog/
https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/labrador-retriever/

Minimum space:
200-500 square feet
https://goatowner.com/how-much-space-do-pygmy-goats-need/
https://www.weedemandreap.com/how-much-space-need-raise-goats/

Minimum space:
500-1000 square feet
https://gsrne.org/requirements-for-adopting-from-gsrne/
https://www.coachdoggo.com/post/yard-size-for-labrador

Cost per year:
$500
https://www.weedemandreap.com/how-much-does-a-goat-cost/

Cost per year:
$1,000
https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/lifestyle/how-much-spend-on-dog-in-lifetime/

Recommended fence height:
4-5 feet
https://www.agdaily.com/livestock/best-fence-for-goats-owners-need-know/
https://insteading.com/blog/goat-fencing/
https://www.weedemandreap.com/goat-fencing-breaking-out/

Recommended fence height:
5-6 feet
https://www.shepherdsense.com/how-to-stop-german-shepherd-from-jumping-fence/
https://www.redhillpark.us/labrador-retrievers/whats-the-best-type-of-fence-for-my-yard.html

Droppings:
0.75 lbs of droppings per day
EXCELLENT compost for gardens
Very little odor

https://www.familylifeshare.com/what-does-goat-poop-look-like/
https://www.agrifarming.in/goat-manure-advantages-and-disadvantages

Droppings:
0.9 lbs of droppings per day
CANNOT be composted for food gardens
Strong odor

https://www.clickapro.com/dog-poop-guide/
https://www.dailypaws.com/living-with-pets/pet-friendly-home/can-you-compost-dog-waste

Sounds:
70-85 decibels
Quieter on average than a dog’s bark
https://www.sandiego.gov/sites/default/files/legacy/
citycouncil/cd3/pdf/news/2012/goatskeeping120323.pdf
https://backyardminiaturegoats.com/2024/07/14/decibel-level-of-miniature-goats/

Sounds:
80-100 decibels
https://www.dogster.com/lifestyle/how-loud-is-dogs-bark-in-decibels
https://www.cuteness.com/blog/content/decibel-level-of-a-barking-dog

Average litter size:
3 babies
https://petkeen.com/how-many-kids-do-goats-have/

Average litter size:
8 babies
https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/dog-breeding/average-litter-size/

Risks:
Possible damage to plants, clothes, or property. https://www.theprairiehomestead.com/2014/11/goat-problems.html

Risks:
Possible physical injury to people, may be serious or fatal 
https://www.dogsbite.org/dog-bite-statistics-fatalities-2017.php

Benefits:
Entertainment, milk/cheese

Benefits:
Companionship, protection
Care recommendations miniature goats and dogs compiled from online sources in table

Benefits of Miniature Goats

Intelligent and Affectionate

Studies have shown goats are as intelligent as dogs and recognize and show affection to their owners. https://www.sciencealert.com/goats-are-just-as-smart-and-loving-as-dogs-say-scientists

Miniature goat smiles

Entertaining

Watching miniature goats can provide hours of entertainment.
https://www.abc.net.au/news/rural/2017-08-22/goats-on-the-internet-grow-in-popularity/8798698

Educational

Children (and adults) learn about animals, food, and hard work from keeping and interacting with miniature goats.
https://www.phillygoatproject.org/

Woman teaches girl about feeding miniature goats

Milk

Fresh miniature goat milk is rich, healthy, tastes similar to cow milk, and may be easier to digest.
https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/health/diet-nutrition/a32068757/goat-milk-health-benefits/
https://www.healthline.com/health/benefits-of-goat-milk

Woman milks goat

Cheese

In addition to the famous goat cheese often found in salads and pizzas, many other types of cheese can be made from miniature goat milk.
https://backyardgoats.iamcountryside.com/home-dairy/making-goat-cheese-with-surplus-milk/

Homemade cheese wheel

Soap

Goat milk soap is full natural oils, vitamins, and minerals that help skin to stay moisturized and healthy.
https://www.bradfordsoap.com/blog/april-2023/all-the-rage-goat-s-milk-soap/

Stack of homemade bar soap

Compost

Miniature goat droppings are easy to compost and are fantastic for gardens.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/composting/manures/goat-manure-fertilizer.htm

Chickens forage in compost in backyard

Brush Clearing

Miniature goats are voracious browsers who can help clear undergrowth from areas.
https://lawnlove.com/blog/using-goats-to-clear-brush/

Goat browses on leaves

Fiber

One breed of miniature goat, the Pygora, produces fibers that can be made into fine yarn for clothing and projects.
https://pba-pygora.org/an-introduction-to-pygora/  

Animal fiber for cloth in a basket

Therapeutic

Interacting with miniature goats and caring for them can help emotional healing and wellbeing.
https://backyardgoats.iamcountryside.com/ownership/therapy-goats-from-hoof-to-the-heart/

Young girl hugs miniature goat

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